Virginia is a state steeped in rich American history, with its governmental roots reaching back to 1634, when the first shires were established.
Exploring the oldest counties in Virginia reveals a unique aspect of colonial American history, providing an opportunity for both education and tourism.
The Genesis of Virginia: Unveiling the Commonwealth's Oldest Counties
This article delves into the eight original shires formed in 1634, highlighting their importance in shaping Virginia's local governance.
1634: The Birth of the Original Shires
In 1634, Virginia's General Assembly divided the burgeoning colony into eight administrative units known as shires. This move was paramount in forming a more organized local governance system, modeled after England's counties. These shires were designed to efficiently manage the growing population and cater to administrative needs, laying a lasting foundation for local governance in the United States.
The Eight Original Shires
The eight original shires created in 1634 included
1. Accawmack Shire (later renamed Northampton County)
2. Charles City Shire (now Charles City County)
3. Charles River Shire (renamed York County in 1643)
4. Elizabeth City Shire (later incorporated into Hampton)
5. Henrico Shire (now Henrico County)
6. James City Shire (now James City County)
7. Warrosquyoake Shire (renamed Isle of Wight County in 1637)
8. Warwick River Shire (later Warwick County, now part of Newport News)
The Enduring Four: Virginia's Oldest Continuously Named Counties
Among the eight original shires, four counties have managed to retain their names linked directly to their origins from 1634
- Henrico County: Established as Henrico Shire, it derives its name from Henricus, an early English settlement.
- Charles City County: Originally Charles City Shire, it honors King Charles I of England.
- James City County: Initially James City Shire, it encompasses the historic Jamestown settlement, reflecting a crucial part of colonial American history.
- York County: Established as Charles River Shire, it was renamed York County in 1643, likely after the historic English city.
These four counties not only represent Virginia's oldest administrative divisions but also serve as significant markers of colonial continuity.
Significance and Legacy
The original shires played a pivotal role in managing local governance in Virginia, contributing to the framework for courts, representation, and local administrative structures. This historical development laid the groundwork for the county systems seen throughout the United States today. Notably, James City County houses the Jamestown settlement, the first permanent English settlement in America, making it a prime site for historical tourism in Virginia.
Visiting these counties offers a glimpse into the early years of American governance and society. Tourists can explore preserved historical sites, museums, landmarks, and scenic areas that showcase the rich culture and heritage specific to Virginia.
Tourism potential thrives around these historical treasures, making them significant not just for their history, but for their contribution to local economies as well.
Historical Tourism Potential in Virginia
With a growing interest in heritage tourism, the oldest counties in Virginia are well-positioned to attract visitors eager to learn about early American history. Some popular attractions include
- Historic Jamestowne: Part of the Colonial National Historical Park, this site features archaeological remains of the Jamestown settlement and engaging educational programs.
- Virginia State Capitol: Located in Richmond, this site features stunning architecture associated with Thomas Jefferson and the Commonwealth's governmental evolution.
- Fall Line: This geological boundary in Virginia represents the area where rivers fall from the Piedmont to the Coastal Plain, a historically significant transportation route.
Exploring Virginia's Heritage
Visitors can engage with various local activities that celebrate Virginia’s history and culture. Examples include
- Educational reenactments at historical sites that depict life during the colonial period.
- Guided heritage tours that explore early settlements and major events leading to the formation of state governance.
- Festivals that celebrate Virginia's rich agricultural heritage and its longstanding traditions.
As the Commonwealth continues to recognize the importance of its historical roots, taking a trip through these four counties provides deep insights into colonial American history and local governance evolution. Each county boasts its unique blend of attractions and stories, from Henrico County's early settlements to the historic significance of James City County.
Conclusion
The establishment of the eight original shires in 1634 marks a pivotal point in Virginia's history, representing the blueprint for local governance. The enduring legacies of Henrico, Charles City, James City, and York Counties ensure their places in the chronicles of Virginian and American history. Exploring these counties not only enlightens about Virginia as the oldest county in Virginia, but it also reveals pathways to understanding the foundations of local governance throughout the U.S. Their stories are vital for all who seek to appreciate the roots of American democracy and colonial heritage.